TIMSS 2023 Assessment Frameworks
Ina V.S. Mullis, Michael O. Martin, and Matthias von Davier, Editors
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The TIMSS 2023 Assessment Frameworks provides the foundation for the four international assessments that comprise IEA’s TIMSS 2023: TIMSS Mathematics—Fourth Grade, TIMSS Mathematics—Eighth Grade, TIMSS Science—Fourth Grade, and TIMSS Science—Eighth Grade.
The TIMSS 2023 Mathematics Framework and the TIMSS 2023 Science Framework presented in Chapters 1 and 2, respectively, describe the major content and cognitive domains in mathematics and science tested at the fourth and eighth grades. Mathematics and science content domains and topic areas within those domains are described separately for the fourth and eighth grades. These are further elaborated with specific topics and objectives. The cognitive domains of 
knowing, applying, and reasoning describe the thinking skills students are expected to use when responding to the mathematics and science assessment items. Chapter 3 contains the TIMSS 2023 Context Questionnaire Framework describing the home, school, and classroom factors associated with students’ learning in mathematics and science that will be investigated via the questionnaires completed by students, their parents, teachers, and school principals. Finally, Chapter 4 provides an overview of the assessment design, including general parameters for item development.