1A: Joan’s Addition Problem

Correct Responses

• 2 + 7 + 9 = 18
• 18 without addition statement shown

Incorrect Responses

• 2 + 7 + 9 but 18 not shown
• Other incorrect

1B: Herbert’s Addition Problem

Correct Responses

• 13 + 6 = 19 OR 16 + 3 = 19
• 19 without addition statement shown

Incorrect Responses

• 13 + 6 OR 16 + 3 but 19 not shown
• Other incorrect

1C: How Herbert Could Make 20

Correct Response

• Both ways correct 16 + 4 AND 14 + 6

Incorrect Responses

• Only one way correct 16 + 4 OR 14 + 6
• Other incorrect

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2A: Largest Answer to Addition Problem

Correct Response

• 91 + 5 or 95 + 1

Incorrect Responses

• Any other arrangement of digits 1, 5, and 9
• Other incorrect

2B: Largest Answer to Subtraction Problem

Correct Response

• 73 - 2

Incorrect Responses

• 72 - 3
• Any other arrangement of the digits 2, 3, and 7
• Other incorrect

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2C: Largest Answer to Multiplication Problem

Correct Response

• 41 x 5

Incorrect Responses

• 51 x 4
• Any other arrangement of the digits 1, 4, and 5
• Other incorrect

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